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Hydraulic Elevator Valves — Frequently Asked Questions
What functions does a hydraulic elevator valve unit perform?
A hydraulic elevator valve unit performs multiple functions simultaneously. The check valve prevents car free-fall by blocking reverse oil flow when the pump stops. The pressure-relief valve limits system pressure to the rated working pressure plus 10 % per EN 81-2. The directional solenoid valve opens to allow oil flow to the cylinder during up-travel and enables controlled drain during down-travel. The manual lowering valve allows safe descent in case of power failure or solenoid malfunction, and speed-control needle valves set the up and down travel speeds.
What is a proportional valve and when is it used in hydraulic lifts?
A proportional valve uses a variable-position solenoid (driven by 4–20 mA or PWM signal from the controller) to continuously vary oil flow rate, enabling smooth acceleration, constant-speed travel, and deceleration profiles that eliminate the passenger-perceivable jerk associated with simple on/off solenoid switching. Proportional valves are standard on all variable-speed hydraulic drive systems and are retrofitted to older fixed-speed systems during modernisation to improve levelling accuracy and ride comfort.
How often do hydraulic elevator valves require maintenance or replacement?
Valve seals should be inspected annually and replaced every 5–8 years or when oil leakage is detected. Solenoid coils typically last 10–15 years but can fail earlier due to voltage spikes or moisture ingress — Turkish suppliers provide replacement coil kits for all major valve brands. Proportional valve spools may require cleaning every 2–3 years in dusty environments. Complete valve unit replacement is common at 20–25 years as part of a hydraulic system modernisation.
What oil specifications are required for hydraulic elevator valve compatibility?
Most hydraulic elevator valve manufacturers specify mineral oil to ISO VG 46 or VG 68 viscosity grade (ISO 11158 HM or HLP type) or biodegradable synthetic ester fluids for environmentally sensitive installations near water bodies. Using incorrect viscosity oil causes solenoid response time variation, proportional valve hunting, and accelerated seal wear. Turkish hydraulic fluid suppliers on elevator.tr offer elevator-grade oils with the full technical data sheets required for maintenance records and EN 81-2 compliance documentation.